Reason refers to mental faculties that generate or affirm propositions, by activities of the mind such as judging, predicting, inferring, generalizing, and comparing.
Reason in this sense is often contrasted with authority, intuition, emotion, mysticism, superstition, and faith, and is thought by rationalists to be more reliable than these in discovering what is true or what is best. The meaning of the word "reason" overlaps to a large extent with "rationality" and the adjective of "reason" in philosophical contexts is normally "rational", rather than "reasoned" or "reasonable".
The precise way in which reason differs from emotion, faith, and tradition is controversial. Reasoning may be conscious or unconscious; it may be done mentally or with the steps written out. The concept of 'reason' is closely related to the concepts of language and logic, as reflected in the multiple meanings of the Greek word "logos", the root of logic, which translated into Latin became "ratio" and then in French "raison", from which the English word "reason" was derived.
A reason is an explanatory or justificatory factor.[1] In the context of explanation, the word "(a) reason" can be a synonym for "(a) cause".
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