Islamic psychology[1] or Ilm-al Nafsiat[2] (Arabic,علم النفس) refers to the study of the Nafs (meaning "self" or "psyche" in Arabic)[3] in the Islamic world, particularly during the Islamic Golden Age (8th–15th centuries) as well as modern times (20th–21st centuries), and is related to psychology, psychiatry and the neurosciences.
Some of the advances in medieval Islamic psychological thought included the establishment of the first mental hospitals,[4] the development of a clinical[5] approach to mental illness,[6] and the development of an experimental approach to the study of the mind.[7] Attempts have been made to revive or reexamine concepts from medieval Islamic thought by Muslim psychologists and scholars in the 20th and 21st centuries.[8]
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